不同生境香果树种群的径级结构与分布格局

应用"相邻格子法"对不同生境下的香果树种群进行每木调查,获得野外资料.采用空间代替时间的方法,研究香果树的径级结构和分布格局,以及应用泊松方差/均值比、负二项式分布、Lloyd平均拥挤度指数和聚块指数4个指标分析其种群格局状况.结果表明:不同生境下的香果树径级结构具有较大的相似性--均缺乏幼苗和幼树,种群呈衰退趋势;不同生境下的香果树种群聚块规模为8～32 m2;种群的空间分布格局主要为集群分布;格局动态明显呈现由集群分布到随机分布的扩散趋势.建议采取相应的措施保护母树,尤其是20年生以上的母树;还应加强对种子及幼苗生长动态变化的研究.     

Slash pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm.) somatic embryogenesis II. Maturation of somatic embryos and plant regeneration

Maturation of slash pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm.) somatic embryos was achieved using two protocols, each starting with a different agar incubation step to deplete plant growth regulators (PGRs) used in previous cultural steps. Strength of maturation medium (single vs. double) was found important in the first protocol to develop normal, mature embryos. In the second protocol, abscisic acid (ABA) concentrations (0, 15 and 30 M) and carbohydrate sources were tested for embryo maturation. Thirty M ABA and 6% maltose were deemed the best combination. Embryo germination was accomplished in a continuously lighted environment and embryos receiving a cold pretreatment (4 °C in darkness for 16 days) germinated better than embryos which did not receive cold pretreatment. With a survival rate of 33% after acclimation in a mist system, more than 25 plants from somatic embryos have been established in a greenhouse. Incompletely germinated embryos (lacking roots) were rooted via adventitious rooting techniques and subsequently established in the greenhouse. All established plants obtained from somatic embryogenesis appear normal in morphology.     

Load behaviors of a prefabricated wood framing house during lifting and transportation

Lifting for handling and flatbed truck transportation to the job site are important processes during manufacture of prefabri-cated wooden construction units like mini homes and building modules. Significant damage can occur to sections or components of units during these operations. Although damage usually will not impair its structural safety, it is costly to fix and causes the public to perceive prefabricated wooden buildings as low quality products. Field observations and preliminary numerical models for prefabri-cated units subject to lifting and transportation forces are summarized here. Once fully developed and verified, models will support the creation of damage mitigation strategies centered on structural details indicating how units are to be supported during lifting and transportation.     

松树枯梢病发生的立地条件及其主要诱因分析

对福建、江西等地227块松树枯梢病的林分病情标准地进行调查.结果表明:病害的发生与林分及立地因子关系密切.由上杭、连城、永新和安福4县有代表性的49块样地推导出了松树枯梢病的病情指数与林龄、造林密度、郁闭度、土壤质地、土壤湿度、坡位、坡向的生态数学模型:y=41.38-16.56x11 5.08x21 18.62x31-3.78x41 19.94x51 7.32x61 4.27x62-4.06x71-10.56x72-13.88x73,其偏相关系数分别为0.606 9、0.612 5、0.268 9、0.1789、0.681 1、0.279 0、0.473 7.该模型模内判别准确率为79.59%,其中病情指数与土壤湿度、郁闭度、林龄和坡位间关系紧密,在0.01水平上显著,它们是松树枯梢病在我国南方发生的主要诱导因子.提出以营林措施为主的生态控制技术.     

海南岛清澜港和东寨港红树林及其生境的调查研究

本文根据调查材料,阐述海南省清澜港和东寨港红树林植物种类、群落类型及其分布。调查结果表明,河口港湾地区的红树林植物种类的分布应描述为以顺流水方向为纵向和横截流向为横向的二维空间状况,这才能确切地反映其天然分布。通过分析气候差异和引种情况,阐明了北热带滩涂能引种嗜热窄布性红树林植物种类。此外,还总结了一些红树林植物的适宜造林地,并指出在红树林中围堤养殖或垦植是有害的。     

兽医病理学在现代兽医专业教学和动物疾病诊断中的重要作用

为了阐述兽医病理学在现代兽医专业教学和动物疾病诊断中的作用,本文从人才培养、科研和生产实践应用等方面进行了探讨。指出兽医病理学具有培养高素质兽医专业人才、为动物疾病诊断提供方向或确诊疾病、验证和评估诊断结果、为科研选题提供手段与方向和解决动物医疗纠纷的重要作用。期望广大兽医专业教学工作者重视该课程教学,使学生掌握兽医病理学基础及其诊断技术。     

基于应用技术型本科土木工程专业毕业设计模式探讨

分析了地方新升本院校在毕业设计中存在的问题,提出了结合毕业生就业方向,实行团队合作、分阶段控制的毕业设计模式,以提高毕业设计的质量和毕业生的综合素质。     

Effect of fining and filtration on the haze formation in bayberry (Myrica rubra Sieb. et Zucc.) juice

Bayberry juice was fined with the methods of xanthan/chitosan (XC) or gelatin/bentonite (GB), and then filtered with diatomaceous earth filtration (DF) or ultrafiltration (UF, MWCO 100 kDa). Their effects on juice haze formation were investigated. The XC fining method was more effective than the GB method in removal of the total monomeric anthocyanin, total phenolics, and protein, with less haze formed in the XC fined juice. The DF reduced 2-5% of the total phenolics and 21-23% of protein, while UF reduced 19-24% of the total phenolics and 34-38% of protein, respectively. The results showed that fining and then UF can reduce but cannot eliminate haze formation in bayberry juice. The storage temperature was a critical factor affecting haze formation, and the juice was more stable when stored at lower temperature (4 degrees C).     

江西官山自然保护区闽楠群落特征

以江西省官山国家级自然保护区闽楠群落为研究对象,应用样方法分析群落的物种组成和结构特征,结果表明:1)该群落有维管植物49科69属98种,其中蕨类植物有6科7属10种,裸子植物有2科2属3种,被子植物有41科60属85种.种子植物属的地理成分中有热带性属37属,温带性属22属;2)群落乔木优势种主要有:闽楠、茜树、缺萼枫香树、亮叶槭、豹皮樟,灌木优势种主要有:檵木、尖连蕊茶、马银花;3)群落的Raunkiaer频度级分布为A>B>C>E>D;4)群落的物种多样性Simpson指数和Shannon-wiener指数表现为:草本层>灌木层>乔木层;Pielou指数则表现为:灌木层>草本层>乔木层.     

伞花木1年生播种苗生长节律研究

为掌握伞花木1年生播种苗的年生长规律,为伞花木苗木的高效培育提供科学依据,本文采用Logistic生长曲线方程对伞花木1年生播种苗的苗高与地径生长进行拟合,相关系数分别为0.995和0.997,均达极显著水平.根据伞花木1年生播种苗的实际观测值建立动态生长模型,并将其播种苗1年生长过程划分为出苗期、生长初期、生长盛期、生长后期.苗高的速生期为6月中旬-8月下旬,地径速生期为6月上旬-9月上旬,地径速生期比苗高速生期提早20 d结束,地径用46.67％的生长时间完成了65.43％的生长量.1年生苗木地上部分粗壮、地下部分具深根性,其根可深达土层32.92 cm处,且侧根数量较多,分布广.